Rate-limit responses
When a request exceeds a limit, the API returns429:
Retry-After as an integer number of seconds. Wait at
least that long before sending the next attempt.
429 immediately or run concurrent retries for the same work.
Limiter outages
If the rate limiter cannot make a decision, the API fails closed with503
and rate_limiter_unavailable. This response does not include Retry-After
because it is not a quota denial.
Keep the two cases separate in logs and retry logic:
429 rate_limitedmeans the request exceeded a limit.503 rate_limiter_unavailablemeans the limiter was unavailable.

